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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
甘肃肃州种业“新事”：5G无人驾驶作业 种子有了“身份证”******
1月上旬，甘肃酒泉市肃州区国家现代种业产业园内，科研人员进行种子实验。李建平 摄 (新春走基层)甘肃肃州种业“新事”：5G无人驾驶作业 种子有了“身份证” 中新网兰州1月11日电 (闫姣 刘潇田鹏鹤)作为以蔬菜花卉制种产业为主的“国字号”产业园，位于甘肃酒泉市的肃州区国家现代种业产业园随处可见“肃州种子播种全球”的标语。该产业园管理办公室主任芦克明解释这种“底气”时说，肃州种子占据全国市场的一半以上，并销往全球数十个国家和地区。 肃州土壤肥沃，光照充足、气候干燥，昼夜温差大、天然隔离条件好，是全球公认的最具优势的农作物制种区之一，被誉为“天然的种子繁育场和种子生产黄金带”。从专注于为国外作物制种，到如今拥有自主知识产权品种，40余年来，肃州种业不断与时偕行。 有多年农机产品生产经验的酒泉奥凯种子机械有限公司，见证了肃州种业的发展。企业技术中心主任付秋峰1月上旬接受中新网记者采访时称，企业由生产种子加工机械的“小铁匠铺”起步，到如今成为业界“领头羊”，目前已布局种子全产业链，“我在很多文献中看到，肃州区种业也经历了由小到大的发展过程。”
肃州区“老牌”企业奥凯种子机械有限公司陈列展示各类种子。闫姣 摄 “每条加工线每小时的种子加工量为10吨，正在往每小时15吨发展。”付秋峰说，以前种子加工手段落后，效率、规模都提不上去，这几年在自动化方面进步很快，新近研发的5G无人驾驶抽雄机，再次延长了制种业的产业链。 据该企业下属田间育种装备制造公司经理侯景僖介绍，无人导航抽雄机主要用于杂交制种玉米的去雄作业，以获得最优质杂交玉米种子，通过提前设置程序，规划路径，自动完成田间作业，“以前进口设备进价高，且有些水土不服，需要人工一颗一颗抽取玉米雄穗，劳动强度大。我们研发这款产品后，一天能代替近300人工。” 如今，酒泉市已有200多家登记注册种子生产企业，已建成种子生产基地50多万亩，参与制种农户7.2万多户，先后培育了玉米、花卉和蔬菜种子品牌20多个，审定、登记各类农作物品种1000多个，制种成了当地的“金字招牌”。 制种为当地带来“名声”的同时，也引来了投资，敦煌种业先锋良种有限公司就是一家中外合资企业。中新网记者走访该公司生产车间时看到，各个生产线有蓝色、粉色、红色、紫色的玉米种子在生产线上传送，每个包装袋上都有二维码，是该产品的“身份证”，便于消费者识别产品真伪。 该企业后段加工负责人闫常斌说，目前生产车间在售的有26个品种，而且每年还有新研发的产品，“单粒播种由我们公司首先提出，而且在售产品的核心竞争力在于所有质量指标在行业领先，高于国家标准。根据客户不同需求和病虫害的影响，我们有不同配方。”
图为肃州区应用于种子制造业的5G无人驾驶抽雄机。李建平 摄 酒泉蓝翔园艺副总经理郭海辉称，企业主要以花卉种子加工生产为主，而且自建了种质资源库，种质资源达到3200份，在2020年通过了国家级评审，“后期也会通过引种，来增加存放的草本花卉种质资源。” 目前，酒泉正以国家级现代种业产业园为引领，构建研发繁育、种植加工、检验检测、机械制造、流通服务于一体的现代种业全产业链，致力于打造国家级玉米种子基地和世界级蔬菜花卉种子基地。 （文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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