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来源：彩神ap下载app2022-02-19 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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成都高新启动中试跨越行动计划：50亿元平台建设基金打造全国中试首选地******

　　中新网成都1月9日电 (王利文)成都高新区9日下午启动实施中试跨越行动计划，未来五年将设立50亿元中试平台建设基金，建设具有全国影响力的科技成果中试首选地。

　　中试作为科研成果实验室小试和产业化发展之间承上启下的环节，一端连着创新，一端连着产业，是推进科技成果产业化的“转化器”，衔接上下游产业链的“连接器”。中试平台不仅帮助转化，吸引团队，聚集人才和项目，帮助科技成果转化跨越“死亡之谷”，还能赋能产业，提升现有产业能级，孵化未来产业。

　　据了解，为大力支持中试首选地打造，成都高新区从平台建设、项目孵化、人才保障、中试项目、金融资本五个维度推出“中试十条政策”，设立50亿元中试平台建设基金，新建20个中试平台，服务1000个中试项目，实现200个创新产品上市，孵化100家创新型科技企业，建成具有全国影响力的科技成果中试首选地。

　　值得注意的是，该政策覆盖面广、力度大、显示度高，建设中试平台最高可获5000万元支持，重大突破型平台可量身定制支持政策，中试项目最高可获1000万元支持。

　　“这是我们所见到的国内首支专业投向中试平台的基金，该基金联合专业力量一起下深水，聚焦科技创新及科技成果转化的关键环节，专注创新成果和产业化之间‘桥梁’的建设投资和长期陪跑。”中信聚信投资总监吴波表示，此举对提升区域优势产业集群竞争力有重大带动作用，通过基金投资实践，有助于提高中国相关行业公共服务能力、关键共性技术创新能力和产业化水平。

　　当日，成都高新区同步发布首批十个中试平台招引方向，涉及功率半导体、生物医药、医疗器械、车载智能、智能传感芯片、先进陶瓷材料等多个主导产业细分赛道和新兴产业，立项平台最高可获5000万元产业扶持资金，重大产业突破型平台给予量身定制政策支持。

　　“成都高新区中试平台重点是提供制造服务，为制造业赋能，推动实体经济发展。目前，成都高新区已建成中试平台8个，在建4个。”成都高新区科技创新局相关负责人介绍，中试平台招引清单结合产业发展需求策划发布，长期有效。下一步，高新区将深入开展中试平台招引落地工作，集聚中试平台配套的上下游产业链资源，力争建成全国科技成果中试首选地。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

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